Drug Abuse and Criminal Justice, Essay Example

There are several sociological perspectives theorists use to explain why criminal activities are more prevalent among different groups within the society. For this analysis, the authors would like to use the conflict theory of drug abuse in order to explain the unequal distribution of drug-related crimes within the society. Lo (2003) states that the society’s cultural and structural factors affect drug use rates. Some of the structural changes within the society have created a great conflict. For example, the author states that when decent-paying manual work disappeared, those without a qualification and without skills got marginalized. Inner cities developed “underclass” population, while – due to the higher rate of immigration – the communities within large cities became disorganized.

The conflict theory can explain the presence and growth of two different types of drug users. For one type of drug user, occasional substance use is a part of a risk-taking behavior (Lo, 2003. p. 241). The other type of drug user is heavily dependent of the substance, as they are alienated from the society, due to the disorganization of the neighborhood and their own social, economic marginalization.

The social conflict theory (Goode, 1999), the increased rate of drug-related crime in cities is triggered by the society’s structural disadvantages, such as high rate of poverty, limited education and job opportunities, lack of hope for a better life. Political and social aspects can also be noted when looking at the rising level of drug related crime in inner city neighborhoods. The disorganization of the society, lack of political power and control, the lack of identity within the community (migration and alienation of individuals) create the ideal situation for drug distribution. Abandoned buildings, due to the lack of community ownership become drug distribution centers. Neighborhoods’ lack of influence also increases the risk of drug addiction. Racial, social and gender diversity indeed increases the risk of alienation, therefore, the social conflict theory is suitable for explaining the unequal distribution of crime rates within the American society.

References

Goode, E. (1999) Drugs in American society (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill College. Gottfredson, D. C., McNeil, R. J., III, & Gottfredson, G. D.

Lo, C. (2003) An application of social conflict theory to arrestees’ use of cocaine and opiates. Journal Of Drug Issues. 2003 33: 237.