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Laws of Inheritance for Diploid Species, Essay Example

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Essay

Describe the two laws of inheritance for diploid species. Describe the process and assumptions that lead to these two laws

The two laws of inheritance were derived by Gregor Mendel while he was experimenting with pea plants in the 1800’s. While crossing purebred white flowering plants with purple flowering plants, he discovered that a purple flowering plant was produced. This led him to conceive the idea of heredity units or factors as he called them. He stated that each individual has two factors for one trait, one factor from each parent. This is where he started to conceive the notions of dominant and recessive traits.

The first law is the law of segregation. This law states that each individual possesses a pair of alleles for any trait. Each parent passes a randomly selected copy of one of these to its offspring. Whichever allele is dominant expresses that trait in the offspring.

The second law is the Law of Independent Assortment. This law states that separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring. Different traits are inherited independently from each other so for example, there is no relation between eye color and hair color.

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