Main Characteristics of Feudalism, Essay Example

Feudalism is a form of decentralized government, which in mediaeval Europe, focused on lordship rather than monarchy. Because so much power rested in the aristocracy, many aspects of feudalism vary depending on the time period and region. However, feudalism does share common political, economic, and cultural characteristics that were necessary for it to function properly.

Feudalism operates on a hierarchical system based on lordship. The nobility were given land, or a fief, in which they had complete autonomy upon swearing to protect and honor the monarch. The nobles would then provide land to knights and other vassals in exchange for service and protection. The chain of command extended down to the serfs, or peasants, who farmed and labored the land in exchange for protection and a place to live. The serfs were usually allowed to keep a portion of the land for themselves and their families.

The importance of loyalty and the personal relationships between nobles and their subjects were core components of the cultural ideals and aspects that were promoted within the feudalistic society. Knights and vassals pledged their loyalty to their nobles and were obligated to serve and pay them homage. Chivalry and loyalty were so highly regarded that these values were reflected in education, the arts, and literature.

Variations in the concept of feudalism existed because each noble house was allowed to exert complete control over its land and subjects. In order for a noble court to function properly, certain key elements, such as chivalry and interpersonal relations, were fostered. Despite the many differences, feudalism exhibited certain similarities in the political, economical, and cultural arenas.