Research Validity, Internal, External and Construct Validity, Essay Example

The researcher cannot make the claim that high protein diets cause women to have worse moods than low protein diets. This is because the statement and research grossly violate internal, external and construct validity requirements. The researcher fails to consider the principle of cause and effect in the research design. No statistical information is available to prove the cause and effect relationship between high or low protein diets and the resultant state of mood. There is a general lack of external validity as the research cannot be generalized to population (population validity). This is because the researcher does not specify the parameters used in conducting the research as far as the sample population is concerned. This leads to a general lack of test validity as not much meaning can be made on subjective data collection and analysis.

According to the researcher parameters adopted for the research, the selected factors are likely to answer her question. This is because the researcher observes all elements of test and internal validity. Internal validity is evident by virtue of the researcher adopting an experiment design that follows the principle of cause and effect (DeLamater & Ward, 2014). The researcher has identify the  variables that affect student performance and has linked the performance of these factors to the resultant level of performance, which in turn affects the student’s overall grade, thus affecting the level of salaries realized by these students. Furthermore, aspects of test validity are evident in the predictive validity of the research design adopted, i.e. how well the designed tests predicts abilities.

The procedure adopted by the research is considerably inappropriate. This is because it fails to consider ethical ground upon which all research should be rooted. All research should adopt a utilitarian framework upon which all research activities are developed (DeLamater & Ward, 2014). This ensures that all endeavors should result in the best and most positive result, or the least negative. The research design adopted by the researcher fails to consider the utilitarian nature of all research and directly infringes upon the well-being of the research subjects.

Thesis Statement: Analysis of the theory of autopoiesis and social constructionism with respect to character and family through the reviews of two articles.

The inception of Psychology was not just aimed at studying the psychological stipulation and behaviour of a being it was envisaged that psychology would help in understanding the human mind better which would further help in improving the quality of life; be it through reading a criminal mind or strengthening the bond between life-partners. Certain aspects of psychology play a crucial role in determining the factors which affect individuals, their personalities, personal thoughts and family lives. This essay deals with the review, contrast and analysis of the following two articles:

1. “Two practices, one perspective, many constructs: on the implications of social constructionism on scientific research and therapy” by Katerin De Koster, Isabel Devisé, Ida Flament and Gerrit Loots
2. “Life, The Multiverse and Everything: An Introduction to the ideas of Humberto Maturana” by Vincent Kenny

These two articles have applied the works of renowned theorists. Namely; G. Semin, Humberto Maturana, Kenneth Gergen and V, Burr. Social constructionism asks such research to be a subject of expert opinion but also an open discussion. The role of ordinary people, the questions chosen in various, widespread points of view, the methodology to be selected and involvement of people in every stage have a wholesome result and make a research better.

References

DeLamater, J., & Ward, A. (2014). Handbook of social psychology (2nd ed.). Dordrecht: Springer.

Katerin, D., Isabel, D., Ida, F., & Gerrit, L. (2004). Two practices, one perspective, many constructs: on the implications of social constructionism on scientific research and therapy. Arezzo, 74-80.

Kenny, V. (1989). Life, The Multiverse and Everything: An Introduction to the ideas of Humberto Maturana. Recent Research in Psychology, 17-147.