Roys Adaptation Model Theory Analysis, Essay Example

Part I

The Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) does not implicitly and explicitly explains the four basic paradigms of nursing. Instead it defines them as major elements. However, there is an additional element that is crucial to the model (adaptation). Furthermore, other paradigms have different labels as a result of the approach taken by this model. The Roy adaptation model defines the four basic paradigms of nursing as; (1) adaptation, (2) person, (3) environment, (4) health, and (5) goal of nursing (Fitzpatrick & Whall, 2005).

Part II

RAM has effectively developed relationships between different existing concepts. The theory in itself is anchored mainly on Johnson’s nursing model. However, there is considerable influence from the coping model of Lazarus, Selye’s adaptation theory, the system model of von Bertalanffy, Dohrenrend and Selye’s stress and adaptation theories, Helson’s adaptation theory and Rappaport’s system definition.

Part III

The Roy Adaptation Model effectively predicts outcomes and phenomena. It explains the potential positive or negative that the environment has on an individual’s health. In a clinical setting, the theory can be applied by a care giver assisting the patient positively adapt to the changes experienced on their health by using the environment. Manipulating the environment considerably influences an individual’s perceptions.

Section B

Part I

Roy’s adaptation model has been well-defined, using minimal jargon. Most of the terms employed exists within other context and theories in the field of nursing (Powers & Knapp, 2013). All concepts sub-concepts have also been well-defined. This makes considerably easy to understand and even apply.

Part II

RAM has not employed the use of coined words as most words exist from previous theories. These theories also had a significant impact on the development of Roy’s adaptation model. The theory employs language that is very clear and comprehensible (George, 1990). As such there is no implicit and/or explicit definitions of the coined words.

Part III

Roy’s Adaptation Model as a complex structure that does not have any ambiguities. This enables its diverse applications, especially in nursing research. The model has also been found to be testable and has thus been applied widely in research methods. However, RAM mainly addresses a singular aspect of patient health and healing, i.e. aspects of the relationship between the patient and the environment.

Part IV

RAM employs a number of concepts from different theories. These theories have provided a good fit as they adequately define the model to define the patient-environment relationship. All concepts that have been employed, such as person, health, environment, goal of nursing, stimuli, control processes and subsystems, all define this relationship.

Section D

Part I

There are numerous applications of Roy’s adaptation model, as it suits different settings within the nursing profession. This is based on the fact that all patients do experience adaptation to stimuli.

Part II

The theory is made of specific a conglomerate of specific concepts as opposed to general ones. Some of the main concepts include different types of stimuli (focal, contextual and residual), subsystems and control processes (Callista, 2009). These also include specific sub-concepts.

Part III

Sister Roy provides definitions of all the main terms used in her theory. Some of these terms have broad definitions, while others hold a much narrower one. However, all the main terms are adequately defined by Roy.

Section E

Part I

The Roy’s adaptation model has numerous uses within a number of settings. The nature of the model, having features of an interaction model, allows it to be used in settings where individual patient care is required or within a community and/or family setting. As such it has three main applications defined by their setting; (1) nursing, (2) research and (3) education.

Part II

A number of studies have been conducted to test the application of Roy’s adaptation model. Quantitative as well as qualitative studies have been conducted while employing this model as an instrument for research.

Part III

The theory has been found to be applicable in a number of areas. These include areas that require care for the patient and also a setting that is family or community oriented. The theory can be applied in education to develop critical thinking skills and develop holistic thinking. It has also been found to be mainly useful in conducting research (Andrews & Roy, 1991). In nursing, it is a crucial framework that focuses, consolidates and guides thinking towards patient care.

Section F

The Roy adaptation model by Sister Callister Roy has significant social implications during the time period within which it was developed. It provided a bridge between the adaptation theory by Harry Helson (1964) and the three types of stimuli defined by Von Bertalantffy in 1968. She as developed this theory over time, constantly improving it as she progressed in her experience and education (Thornbory, 2014). She developed this model as a result of her experiences professionally working with children. She has also developed the theory in St. Mary’s College, LA, as an integrated nursing-based curriculum.

References

Alligood, M. R., Marriner-Tomey, A., & Monforte, M. R. (2011). Nursing theorists and their work. Barcelona: Elsevier.

Andrews, H. A., & Roy, C. (1991). Essentials of the Roy Adaptation Model. Norwals: Appleton & Lange.

Callista, R. (2009). The Roy adaptation model. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education.

Fawcett, J. (2000). Analysis and evaluation of contemporary nursing knowledge: Nursing models and theories.Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

Fitzpatrick, J. J., & Whall, A. L. (2005). Conceptual models of nursing : analysis and application. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.

George, J. B. (1990). Nursing Theories: The Base for Professional Nursing Practice. Pearson Education India.

McEwewn, M., & Wills, E. M. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Powers, B. A., & Knapp, T. R. (2013). Dictionary of nursing theory and research. New York: Springer Pub. Co.

Riehl-Sisca, J. (1989). . Conceptual models for nursing practice. Appleton & Lange.

Thornbory, G. (2014). Contemporary occupational health nursing : a guide for practitioners. New York: Routledge.