Searching and Critiquing the Evidence, Essay Example

Practice Problem: – Pain Management

The practice problem for this case relates to management of pain. This portion of the assignment reviews four relevant piece of literature inclusive of a systemic literature review. Articles selected are as follows:

Asher, G. (2010). Auriculotherapy for pain management: A systemic Review and Meta-analysis of a randomised trial. J Alterin Complement.16(10);

Coon.A. (2013). Randomized Trial for Pain Management in Low-grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01851720

Lynch, M. (2011). Cannabinoids for treatment of chronic non cancer pain: A systemic review of Randomized trails.BJCP. 72(5); 735 -744

Standring, R. ( 2014). Postoperative Tonsillectomy Pain Management: A Prospective Randomized  Trail. American Academy of Otolarygology.

They all contain randomized trails and two have explained results from these trails applying a system literature review analysis.

Theoretical framework

The theoretic framework which drives this research is that pain is uncontrolled or poorly controlled will manifest itself in other ways (in this instance, behavioral disturbances), particularly in a patient population that is difficult to assess because it is largely nonverbal (Voepel-Lewis, 2010, p. 55).

What levels of evidence are most prevalent in these articles?

Levels of evidence most prevalent in randomized trails are accounted for as level 1 which reflects the top of the evidence pyramiddetermining the strength of evidence based research. In this case it is systemic reviews. For example, evidence is expected to be strong in establishing authenticity; show minimum bias in conclusions demonstrating quality. If statistics are used certainty must be established in it applications. The question how much of an effect is above ‘No Apparent Effect’ for clinically relevant benefits must be answered with integrity ensuring that non harms come to subjects. Finally, the evidence must be relevant to the study conducted in terms of sample appropriateness and measurement used to calculate outcomes (Methods of systemic reviews, 2014).

Why do you think that level of evidence is most prevalent?

I think that this level of evidence is most prevalent because researchers used representative samples from the population. Besides, systemic reviews offer the highest level of research evidence from a pyramid of seven levels. To briefly examineAsher, G. (2010). Auriculotherapy for pain management: A systemic Review and Meta-analysis of a randomised trial. J Alterin Complement.16 (10) it was discovered that this researcher searched databases for randomized trials. These databases are creditable such as Medline. A sample was then chosen from that population. Seventeen studies were retrieved using criterion perioperative, acute and chronic pain. These variables acted as the inclusion selection criteria.

Importantly, the systemic review level while it is the highest also is graded according to the type of studies being evaluated.Asher (2010) assessed randomized trails, which are in them selves highest level in the systemic review grading.Standring ( 2014) also conducts a randomised trial evaluation.Lynch (2011) takes the same pattern implementing the systemic review analysis and Coon (2013) while not taking the systemic review analysis path did evaluate randomized trail. In my opinion this justifies that the most prevalent evidence is level 1, systemic review and randomized controlled trails

References

Asher, G. (2010). Auriculotherapy for pain management: A systemic Review and Meta-analysis of a randomised trial. J Alterin Complement.16(10);

Coon.A. (2013).Randomized Trial for Pain Management in Low-grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01851720

Lynch, M. (2011). Cannabinoids for treatment of chronic non cancer pain: A systemic review of Randomized trails.BJCP. 72(5); 735 -744

Methods of systemic reviews (2014)Methods of Systematic Review Table 1 Five levels of evidence. Retrieved July, 2014 from http://www.scireproject.com/tables/methods-of-systematic-review-table-1-five-levels-of-evidence

Standring,R. ( 2014).Postoperative Tonsillectomy Pain Management: A Prospective Randomized  Trail. American Academy of Otolarygology.

Voepel-Lewis, T. (2010). Reliability and Validity of the Face, Legs, Acting, Crying, Consolability Behavioral Tool in Assessing Acute Pain in Critically Ill Patients.” American Journal of Critical Care. 19(1). 55-61.