The Challenge of Third World Development, Essay Example

What have been the major accomplishments and failures of command economies? (1pt)

The accomplishments that command economies have been able to archive are inflation late has been reduced, the economic has grew, full employment. The failures are absence of profit motives in a command economy prohibits any need for competitiveness, has also discouraged individualistic yield motives and consumeristic desires.

Summarizing our class discussions, what are the political, social and economic challenges of third world countries? (4pts)

Political

Some of the political challenges in the third world countries are disagreement on what ideological or political course to chart, or the groups to rule, which eventually generate into violent, deadly civil wars and internally political strife. Also, directorship, political instability and corruption: most of third world countries readers are totally corrupt, they don’t want to leave their leadership, and a good example is Zimbabwe (President Robert Mogabe).

Social

There are a lot of social challenges in the third world countries such as poverty, high population, illegal immigration, conflicts of interest among themselves, child abuse (such as child labor), hunger, starvation, no access of good medical care and basic education, and barbaric culture.

Economic

Third world countries are facing economic challenges of poor infrastructure, unstable income from cash crops or resource exports, lack of investment capital, lack of autonomy due to debts accumulation (which result to neocolonialism), disruption of destabilizing external influence and instruction, mismanagement and extreme corruption of funds leads to accumulation of enormous debt (for example, Indonesia or Philippines, borrowing and debt assisted only the greedy and the avaricious tyrannical ruling families, whereas the ordinary citizens of the country bore the encumber of unremitting, crushing poverty), extraction and exploitation.

What are neoliberal economic reforms? (1pt)

Neo-liberal comic are reforms that strengthen the classical liberalist cost-cutting measure concept. It leads to high growth. These reforms include significant measures that have been the foremost impacts on the structure and carrying out of an economy. It also endeavor plummeting   the control of government on economy and escalating the vital of the private sector.

What factors induce the armed forces to withdraw from politics? (1pt)

Armed forces lead to fragile and highly unstable governance or dictatorship, and public rejection.

What are the major strengths and weaknesses of military governments? (1pt)

Strengths

• The control an mammoth coercive equipment trained in the use of force
• They can’t forever but at immense price, endow with a few degree of steadiness, social and civil order.
• Jobs, so that they might aim problems and bring various degree of declaration to them

Weakness

They might become corrupted by absolute power, lose the public support by excessive force and coercive methods and they aren’t good in addressing critical maters.

What are the challenges of the Doha Round of world trade talks? (1pt)

The member countries are locked over technical issues that will see the demand by emerging nations that the developed nations open up their trade to developing nations. The developed nations are however unwilling to do this as they seek to protect their domestic markets. The US for example through Former US ambassador Peter Allgeier, claims that it will not open up its market if its not going to get a “package” to sell home. For the major trade players one challenge is to align the contentious Doha talks with the political cycle, such as the US midterm elections and Brazil’s presidential election in 2010, the arrival of a new European Commission this year (Hazzelhurst, 2009).

How are the developing countries disadvantaged by international trade? (1pt)

Developing nations depend heavily on exports for growth. According to the WTO, 40-50% of their GDP is from foreign trade. Those that rely of agricultural exports are faced with low prices caused by developed nations offering subsidies to their farmers (Hazzelhurst, 2009).

Why have African liberation movements found it difficult to make the transition into political parties? (1pt)

Liberation movements have distinctive features and definite goals which have no political affiliation hence poor political background. These features also make it tricky for the movements to reproduce their strategies devoid of taking into account equally the context within which they develop. Taylor (1997) also adds that “The struggles of movements and groups of excluded people are too diverse in their origins and outcomes to be seen as a model that can be adopted for all development efforts.”

Why is the success of Venezuela’s revolution uncertain? (2pts)

Imperialists’ campaigns and attacks have been reported occasionally in the country hindering the revolution. The prevailing world economic recession has had profound effects on the situation in Venezuela due to a slump down in oil prices. This has led to economic and social strife, conditions that do not favour a revolution.

Discuss the key environmental issues as they relate to Third World development. (2pts)

Global warming and erratic climatic conditions have largely affected the third world economics through drought and famine as they heavily rely on agriculture dependent on weather patterns. The developed nations are most active in contributing towards these yet it’s the third world nations that suffer most hence their demand for compensation. Developing nations have poor or no environmental laws hence also contribute to environmental degradation. This has made it possible for developed nations to use these third world countries as their dumping sites for electronic, chemical wastes etc.