Twenty Hertz and Twenty Thousand Hertz, Essay Example

The frequency between twenty hertz and twenty thousand hertz are the frequencies which are applied by the predators who pose a menace to humans in the natural environment. Individuals who possess a distinct auditory scope would have suffered attrition as a result of the inability of distinguishing predators within the natural environment (Heffner 1992).

7.2

The basal membrane which is in the cochlear is a frequency analyzer. In receiving a sound which has an elevated frequency, the basilar membrane vibrates. This is the manner by which elevated pitched tones are distinguished from sounds which possess elevated decibels of sound energy (Smith, 1998).

7.3

Evans (1990) ascertained that the aspect of hypnosis was mor3e significant than the quantity of pain in severe pain cases. Evans (1990) recommended hypnotic instructions which were directed at reducing anxiety and diminishing the significance of pain (as cited in Marcuse, 1993).

7.4

The horizontal cells exist in order to deter the creation of information by means of particular routes and pathways. This particular deterrence of the signal communication is defined as lateral inhibition. In the event of light contacting the retina, it may stimulate certain sensors while not stimulat9ing other sensors to the same extent. In providing suppression, the horizontal cells guarantee that the light with the most elevated intensity prevails. This aspect of adjustment by the inhibition of the horizontal cells provides an improvement in the visual resolution and contrast (Vermont University, 2014).

7.5

As the rabbit has its eyes positioned on the sides of its temple, its field of vision is monocular (Grobstein 1975). The post ocular production of the rabbit incorporates a procedure of making formatted visual input (Grobstein 1975). This quality is why the rabbits do not have the same quantity of cells which have binocular receiving fields as cats and primates (Grobstein, 1975).

7.6.

No. this is attributed to the rabbit having eyes on the sides of its head. The primates and the felines have their eyes in the frontal section of their heads (Grobstein, 1975).

7.7

The detection of odors is performed by the paired collection of amphid sensing neurons which are of the AWC and AWA characteristics. These neurons can detect odors which are attractive if the chemical can be dissolved in water. In the circumstance of the chemical being soluble in an aqueous solution, it may be discovered by the ASE neurons which are responsible for sensing serotonin, lysine and sodium. The ASER right sided neuron is able to detail potassium and chlorine ions. These neutrons are the methods by which receptors detect odor (Bargmann, 2006).

References

Bargmann, C. I. (2006). Worm book: The online review of C. elegans biology. Cornelia Bargmann, 2006.

Grobstein, P., Chow, K. – L., Cox, P. C. (1975). Development of receptive fields in rabbit visual cortex: changes in time course due to delayed eye opening. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 72(4): 1543- 1545.

Heffner, H. E. (1992). Auditory  awareness. Applied Animal Behavior Science 57(3- 4): 259- 268.

Marcuso, M. (1993). The use of hypnosis in pain management0 A review of the current state of knowledge. University of California, Los Angeles.

Smith, S. W. (1998). The scientist’s and engineer’s guide to digital signal processing. 1 1998.

Vermont University (2014).Role of the horizontal cells  Processing of visual signals .     Veterinary Medicine at Vermont University.