Validity, Reliability and Generalizability, Essay Example

Case studies provide readers with little generalization basis and thus, critics argue on scientific rigor lacking in these studies; because findings produced are not transferable to other settings. Such pitfalls are eliminated by using theoretical settings that give practitioners a chance to draw on conceptual frameworks (Crowe, 2011, p. 7). Validation of respondents also put, into question, to give a clear and concise answer as to whether the readers agree on interpretations provided. They should give personal opinions that confirm that data presented is accurate and transparent. Throughout the research, transparency achieved by detailing involved steps in the selection of case, collection of data, background of researcher and involvement level not excluding the reasons for conducting the research by using method chosen. This will show explicit influence of researcher’s choice on method of data collection and interpretation and thus, readers are able to judge the report’s trustworthiness (Crowe, 2011, p. 8).

Crowe et al (2011) agrees with other authors on triangulation approach model to test the validity of research conducted on case studies by applying qualitative methods. It is evident that researchers need to produce and collect data that are transferable to other contexts for testing in order to reduce criticisms by other positivists (p. 9). Reliability of case studies will also depend on data collection method, which reduces the chances of generalizing information. Specific and detailed information should be given on study topics in order to support validity and reliability of the information.

From the case study, it is evident that validity confirming interpretation made by researchers not reached. Out of the thirty-eight samples studied, thirty-three of them failed to meet the criteria of explaining the validity of information retrieved (Chongwon & Hye-Won, 2010, p. 92). Therefore, it is difficult for one to acknowledge the validity of studies conducted (if they are wrong or right). Triangulation of data is the prerequisite of research interpretation being valid. Therefore, researchers should emphasize on information, triangulation theory and method. In addition, the literature review, feedback and member check should match with current statistical figures and relevant literature review.

Qualitative inquiries are credible if researchers are able to transfer results collected to other contexts. Validity in qualitative studies gives researchers a chance to replicate the study in order to authenticate its validity. Research conducted should provide readers with statistical testing and survey results. This will enable them interpret information by applying the use of raw data and tables. However, in this case, validity is not achieved because their case study is misunderstood and abused since the data provided does not give room for the use of different sources (Chongwon & Hye-Won, 2010, p. 93). Evidence is essential for any research project not to be classified as being void.

Diverse typologies constructed by various authors give a clear explanation on the validity of qualitative studies. For quantitative inquiries to be termed as having validity, generalization and reliability, researchers need to implement verification strategies, which ensure quality and rigor is attained in inquiries (Md. Ali & Yusof, 2011, p. 29). Validity in this article refers to captured information on study topic and reporting what they saw and heard. Consequently, validity looks into interpretation, generation, and valid interpretation, and discourse incitement, reflexive, dialectic, pragmatic and critical validity (Md. Ali & Yusof, 2011, p. 33). Validity of case study also looks into impacts associated with the contribution of area of study.

Reliability is considered to be the reassurance of having another researcher coming up with the same results as another working on the same issues. Both researchers should use the same data set in producing reliable evidence that emphasizes on trustworthiness (Md. Ali & Yusof, 2011, p. 34). This is achieved through working in stages during production, interpretation and analyzing of data. Generalizability in qualitative inquiry entails degree findings from the study can be generalized to the population entirely. Analytical, representational and empirical generalizations are some of the common types referred to by many researchers when carrying out qualitative inquiries (Md. Ali & Yusof, 2011, p. 35).

In summary, validity, reliability and generalization as attributed in qualitative research studies are essential in providing quality work that provides relevant material. Qualitative researchers look into aspects of validity by looking at issues relating to rigor of work. Reliability, on the other hand, considers coming up with same results by another researcher when applying data set provided earlier. Generalization entails generalizing information to incorporate the entire population. Positivists agree that these variables need to be considered, for case studies, to be validated and target current information impacting peoples living condition.

References

Chongwon, P., & Hye-Won, L. (2010). What Makes A Case Study Really Qualitative?: Show Me Your Evidence, Please!. English Teaching, 65(4), 79-101.

Crowe, S., Cresswell, K., Robertson, A., Huby, G., Avery, A., & Sheikh, A. (2011). The case study approach. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11(1), 100-108.

Md. Ali, A., & Yusof, H. (2011). Quality in Qualitative Studies: The Case of Validity, Reliability and Generalizability. Issues in Social & Environmental Accounting, 5(1/2), 25-64.