Workplace Conflict, Essay Example

Conflict is inevitable in the workplace.  Just like conflict is unavoidable in any other type of relationships, relationships within work environments are ripe for difficulties between people.  In an organizational setting, conflict is even more common than in personal situations however, due to there generally being no choice regarding who works together.  Employees rarely have any say in who is hired for parallel positions and even the management who does the hiring bases hiring decisions on skills and meeting certain hiring criteria rather than on friendship potential.  This means that while fellow employees may (or may not) be skilled at their jobs, they may have characteristics that do not match well with the characteristics or personality of other employees.  Conflict in work setting can occur between same level employees, employees and management, and employees, management and external stakeholders (De Dreu, C. K. W. and Gelfand, M.  J. 2008).

An example of a common workplace conflict is one having to do with leadership styles or differences in personality between management and employees. This might involve a variety of interpersonal problems stemming from lack of awareness and appreciation of diversity in the workplace. For example, employees may feel bullied by managers with authoritative personalities or need more direct communication and guidance from mangers who assume that minimal instruction should be enough for the employee to work from. Managers with Type A personalities may hold employees up to their own demanding standards while employees may feel overworked or as if the expectations set by their manager are too ambitious.  Some employers may be extremely extroverted and make more introverted employees feel as if there is something wrong with the way they interact with others (Ayoko, Callan, &Hartel, 2003).

Often conflict arises from managers gravitating toward employees who have the same personality and work style as they do, giving these employees the majority of attention, positive reinforcement, better evaluations and raises despite the fact that another employee may actually be doing the majority of the work and achieving far more than the favored employee. This can result in conflict between the two employees and between the manager and the less favored employee, especially if the favored employee shares information about the conflict with the manager.

Favoritism in the workplace can be the result of several factors. The first involves hiring. Managers have been shown to favor employees they personally hire over employees they had no involvement with during the hiring process.  This may be because managers feel that a personal hire reflects upon them and their decision making ability such that they want the employees they hire to perform at a level above other employees.

The second reason that managers may be biased toward certain employees involves general similarities.  Similarities that may result in such bias include recognized factors such as race, background, gender, and socioeconomic status but may include other factors such as where an employee comes from, where they went to school, common after work hobbies and similarity in personality style.

The third reason that managers may be biased toward some employees is due to a personal relationship that develops either before the employee has been hired or afterwards.  Employees who are liked by their manager because they are perceived to be personable, easy to work with, easy to communicate with or those who seem to display loyalty to the manager may be able to ingratiate themselves with the manager and influence their decisions regarding project assignment and evaluation ratings.

Regardless of the reason for managers favoring one employee over another, when this is displayed by the manager in the form of increased attention, better assignments, special invitations to meetings are get-togethers with higher-ups or better evaluations, bonuses, raises or promotions, this is considered discrimination which is one of the highest level of conflict found within an organization (Shefali, 2013).

This is a conflict I have been experiencing in a personal work situation.  I have developed a plan that I hope to put in place soon.  My boss has been showing a preference for my co-worker who has known the boss for many years and has a personal relationship with him.  My peer also knows what the boss expects and doesn’t need much direction whereas I need more guidance that is provided.  My boss also invited my co-worker out after work in front of me and includes him in upper level meetings I am never invited to.  In order to address this situation I have decided to try the following:

Talk to colleagues to get their impressions of the situation without being negative or judgmental about my boss or co-employee.  This will help me determine if I am over-reacting to the situation or seeing it as it is.

I will keep a record of instances which I view as favoritism, what my co-worker did in my boss’s eyes to receive the favoritism if I can determine it and why I perceive it to be favoritism.  If there are instances when my co-worker and I have done the same amount of work and accomplished the same outcome yet my co-worker gets all the praise I will record this also.

If others confirm my perceptions I will schedule a meeting with my boss.  I will tell him how I am perceiving the situation and provide clear examples of what I have been perceiving as favoritism.  If the boss suggests that I am not remembering correctly I will use my journal to provide evidence of my perceptions based on the events that occurred.  If possible, I will take a colleague with me into the meeting to support my perceptions.  This will hopefully communicate to my boss that others are perceiving the same thing I am and let him know that this is a serious situation so he will change his behavior.

The potential outcomes of this plan could be good or bad.  One outcome might be that my boss understands my perceptions and realizes that he has been showing favoritism.  This could strengthen our relationship or at least lead him to not favor my colleague so obviously at work.  A second outcome might be that my boss acts like he doesn’t understand what I’m talking about suggesting that I am imaging the whole thing such that nothing changes.  I would likely become more resentful if the behavior continues while my boss openly denies its occurrence.  The last option is that my boss could become defensive and lash out at me through a disciplinary action or even by firing me.  I am not sure what recourse I would have should this occur but will look into it before taking this course of action.

References

Ayoko, O. B., Callan V. J., and Hartel, C. E. J. (2003).  Workplace conflict, bullying and counterproductive behaviors. International Journal of Organizational Analysis,  11(4), 283-295.

De Dreu, C. K. W. and  Gelfand, M.  J. (Eds). (2008). The psychology of conflict and conflict management in organizations. The organizational frontiers series, (pp. 3-54). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis Group/Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, xxii, 484 pp.

Shefali, K. (2013). Favoritism strains workplace morale, harms agency performance. Federal News Radio. Retrieved fromhttp://www.federalnewsradio.com/492/3530979/Favoritism-strains-workplace-morale-harms-agency-performance