Evaluating the Impact of Childhood Obesity, Dissertation – Methodology Example

Introduction

Research strategy 

The research held concerning this dissertation is an applied one, not new research focusing on the international samples, not a specific region. The research uses an ecological model in recognition of multiple levels of influence on health behaviors. The behaviors include individual factors, institutional and organizational factors, community factors, and public policy factors. For the evaluation of the impact of childhood obesity reducing interventions in primary schools, there were adjustments of the demographic, behavioral, and economic variables for every selected sample population (Mackey & Gass, 2015). The ecological model researchers encourage the collaboration within the interested external researchers to assemble a group of researcher-initiated grant applications for innovative research involving new data collection from research participants. The selection of the participants of the study was from 10 primary schools located in various states of America. The sampling of the population was to represent Physical activity, nutrition, and health education interventions of different students between the ages of 9 yrs to 11yrs. The research was based on the healthy school framework with adopted and integrated approach entailing eating policies and eating environment. The framework of healthy schools promotes physical activities and healthy eating in America, reducing the problem of obesity.

Research Question 

How effective are school-based interventions (physical activity, nutrition, health education) to prevent or reduce the risk factors of obesity?

Methodology 

The best research methodology for this project is the secondary research method. The process will effectively use the existing data already existing through the summary of the existing data for effective research (Kumar, 2019). It is cost-effective and provides a complete description and analysis of the research subject without the limitation of the research scope and the nature of participants’ responses. The purpose of the section of the research will explain the research methods and the methodology implemented for the study (Guerra, Silveira & Salvador, 2016). The research technique is useful when the goal of the research is for explaining a phenomenon depending on the perception of individual experience within a given state (Hayes, Tan, Lung, Brown Moodie& Baur, 2019). Secondary such as survey methods would be suitable when the researcher needs to understand the relationship between the existing variables. Since the reason for this study is evaluating the impact of childhood obesity, reducing interventions in primary schools, qualitative research is appropriate for the entire study.

The grids and research themes

The themes emerge from the content and the nature of the research study, such as the topic—statement, facts, and piece of data.

• The themes of the study include how to work patients who do not care for their health.
• The challenges and the stressors within the study.
• Impacts of the burden of evaluating the impact of childhood obesity on society.

Research approach 

The study’s research approaches were inductive since the research began with particular observation for the application of universal theories and conclusions from the research study. The primary reason for the occupation of the inductive approach was taking into account the context from which the research study’s efforts are active and appropriate for smaller samples producing qualitative data. In evaluating the impact of childhood obesity and reducing interventions in primary schools, the inductive approach was appropriate for the study because of the existence of small samples. However, the major weaknesses of the inductive approach are the production of the universal conclusions and theories related to small observations, putting the study’s reliability under questionable risks.

Data collection tools and analysis techniques 

In the research study, intensive interviews were used structured questionnaires to the students. The questionnaire data collection tool responsible for identifying the participant’s emotions, feelings, and opinions related to evaluating the impact of childhood obesity in reducing interventions in primary schools. The significant benefit of questionnaires within the study involved personal and direct data contact between researchers and the participants, including the elimination of non-response rates. All the questions were read by the trained staff while explaining all the concepts such as food models, portion size and photos to increase the accuracy of investigations

Data analysis

The analysis of the data collected for the correspondents by questionnaires setting questions and answering. (Mackey & Gass, 2015). Ten literary sources were used for the scrutiny and in-depth analysis of the impact of childhood obesity, reducing interventions in primary schools (Physical activity, nutrition, and health education interventions). Data collected a categorization into theme easy comparability purposes within the research study.

Database keywords

KW: Ecological model in evaluating the impact of childhood obesity. In searching the journals from the databases, various keywords were used, including ‘school obesity’ and ‘evaluating,’ ‘childhood obesity’ and ‘health,’ ‘nutrition,’ ‘physical activity,’ intervention.

Prisma Chart

There was an application of the PRISMA chart to filter the research study and get relevant in answering the research question, as reflected below. The peer-reviewed journals’ relevance to the problem in question was ascertained using the data extraction table shown in appendix one. There was a summary of the study results and findings within the data extraction table and the examination of about ten literary peer-reviewed resources to ascertain their eligibility for the problem in the research question.

References

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Cakmak, E., Isci, S., Uslu, F., Oztekin, O., Danisman, S., & Karadag, E. (2015). Overview of the dissertation process within the framework of flow theory: A qualitative study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(3).

Glenn, J. C., & Gordon, T. J. (2003). Futures research methodology. Washington:

Guerra, P. H., Silveira, J. A. C. D. & Salvador, E. P. (2016). Physical activity and nutrition education at the school environment aimed at preventing childhood obesity: evidence from systematic reviews. Journal de pediatria, 92(1), 15-23.

Hayes, A., Tan, E. J., Lung, T., Brown, V., Moodie, M., & Baur, L. (2019). A new model for the evaluation of interventions to prevent obesity in early childhood. Frontiers in endocrinology, 10, 132.

Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International.

Kumar, R. (2019). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications Limited.

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Mackey, A., & Gass, S. M. (2015). Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge.

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