Family Medicine Obstetrics, Research Paper Example

The Evaluation of the Obstetrics Issues among Vulnerable Population

The application of the EBP in addressing the adverse health outcome associated with the teenage pregnancy needs an intricate integration of the relational and technical knowledge in the identification of the treatment essentiality. The combination of the clinical and research sources in the intervention aids in enhancing the EBP outcome. The integration of the empirical concepts and systematic observations in assessing the risks associated with the teenage pregnancy and formulating an intervention strategy is an important part in the acquisition of the best EBP outcome. The selection made by the intervention method needs clinical skills and the research that will aid in promoting the efficiency of the intervention methods.  For broad EBP, the methods that have been proven to be effective through scientific techniques are considered the essential tools for observing the risk factors and determining the intervention methods with the utmost significant outcome.

Epidemiology

Teenage pregnant girls and pregnant patients of low socio-economic status deliver their babies without complications. If nurses and other qualified health care professionals do not take care of these individuals, it is likely that they would suffer from many health problems. Furthermore, this care is necessary to promote the health of the newborn child.

Abstinence Based Intervention

The abstinence-based technique of intervening is useful in addressing the obstetrics challenges associated with high-risk and vulnerable individuals. The abstinence process is categorized into two main parts (Ratcliffe, 2008). The abstinence-only mainly focuses on abstinence till one is married. Its integration is aimed at building self-esteem, enhancing decision making and withstanding the pressure associated with peers. The abstinence-plus technique integrates varied subjects that are added to the features of the abstinence-only. Among these additional subjects is the anatomy of the physical functionality of the reproductive organs. The STDs, fertility knowledge and contraception are additionally incorporated as the subjects in the abstinence method. According the research findings, abstinence has been effective in reducing the risk associated with pregnancy, among individuals that are at high-risk of developing the pregnancy complications. The technique is helpful in reducing the level of intercourse among adolescents and vulnerable groups. When integrated with sex education, the overall efficiency of the abstinence process has been shown to aid in reducing the cases of pregnancies among high-risk individuals (Ratcliffe, 2008).  While some obstetrics practitioners believe that abstinence may be improved by including the contraceptive information, a certain group of specialists have developed the notion that sex education is paramount in enhancing the abstinence.

Scientifically acquired solutions have been effective in reducing the pregnancy rates and risks among vulnerable populations. The contemporary scientific practice in reducing the high-risk factors associated with pregnancy among high-risk individuals have majorly been observational research. There is a possibility that the study may have been subjected to the biases prevented by the multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Statistical data

The evaluation of twenty-two RCTs showed that the use of the abstinence-only methods in reducing the pregnancy level among high-risk populations were insignificant and inconclusive (James, 2003). The research further determined that the abstinence-plus technique was more efficient in improving the outcome concerning reducing the cases of the pregnancy among teenagers and high-risk individuals. Furthermore, independent researchers established that abstinence-plus proved more effective in decreasing the cases of pregnancy among adolescents and individuals that are economically suppressed. There exists a limitation in the research conducted to determine the abstinence-based intervention on the intensity and level of sexual behaviours. While analysing the effectiveness of the scientific interventions in evaluating the sexual activity, significant findings were made concerning determining the efficiency of the two types of abstinence in reducing the level of sexual activity. It was found that neither the two abstinence techniques were effective in decreasing the level of sexual activity (James, 2003).

Implications in practice: The Essence of Counseling and Sex Education in Reducing Pregnancy

The scientifically proven methods have resulted in the realization of significant findings concerning the incorporation of counselling and sex education in reducing teenage pregnancy and disadvantaged populations. Some of the scientific methods incorporated nursing role in determining modalities of reducing the risk factors associated with teenage pregnancy. A high proportion of the scientific findings regarding the effectiveness of the counselling and sex education have shown a significant improvement in reducing obstetrics challenges resulting from the teenage pregnancy. This is possible when the technique is integrated with other avoidance methods. The majority of the findings established that the counselling process when conducted by the nurse practitioner, proved ineffective when singly incorporated in reducing pregnancy among vulnerable populations (In Cherry & Dillon, 2014). When integrated with other prevention methods, the technique showed 73% effectiveness in achieving the overall goal of reducing cases of pregnancy and sexual activity level. The feasibility study conducted in California with regard to the efficacy of the nursing effort in reducing the risk factors associated with teenage pregnancy produced positive results. According to the findings, nursing interventions such as conducting direct counselling interventions and integrating the contraceptive therapy procedures have proved more effective in reducing the cases of pregnancy among individuals that were at higher risk of developing obstetrics complications.

The evidence-based nursing research has demonstrated the viability of contraceptives in reducing cases of pregnancies. However, the concept has been ineffective in reducing the level of sexual activity and the risks associated with the sexual intercourse (In Cherry & Dillon, 2014). A high proportion of research with regard to the effectiveness of incorporating contraceptives in reducing the occurrence of the risks associated with pregnancy, among vulnerable populations showed the ineffectiveness of contraceptives in reducing STDs. The research findings conformed to the theoretical concepts that have suggested an increase in sexual activities among teenagers and other disadvantaged groups where contraceptives concept have been advanced as the methods of reducing cases of pregnancy.

References

In Cherry, A. L., & In Dillon, M. E. (2014). International handbook of adolescent pregnancy: Medical, psychosocial, and public health responses. New York: Sage Publications.

James, D. K. (2003). Evidence-based obstetrics. London: Saunders.

Ratcliffe, S. D. (2008). Family medicine obstetrics. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier.