All papers examples

HIRE A WRITER!

Home / Case Study / Medications Worksheet, Case Study Example

Medications Worksheet, Case Study Example

Pages: 4

Words: 1078

Case Study

Drug #1

Generic name: Torsemide

Trade name: Demadex

Use: It is a loop diuretic used to manage edema caused by heart failure, hepatic disease, or kidney disease (IBM Corporation,2021). It is also used to lower blood pressure. The drug is prescribed for this patient since he has grade 2 edema, which has been caused by either his cardiac or renal disease, and he is also hypertensive.

Mechanism of Action: Demadex increases the excretion of water, sodium, and chloride by blocking the Na+/K+/2Cl– channel in the ascending loop (IBM Corporation,2021). The consequential and intended effect is the reduction of blood volume, which reduces edema and lowers blood pressure.

Side Effects and Nursing Implications.

Side Effect

Corresponding Nursing Implications

Hypotension

Nursing Actions

Record blood pressure before administration and regularly monitor and record the patient’s blood pressure and hydration status. Alert was attending physician/practitioner.

Patient education

Educate the patient on symptoms of hypotension such as dizziness, blurred vision, palpitations, fainting, and confusion.

Advise him to notify me or and any other medical attendant immediately. Also, advise him to avoid over-exerting himself.

Advise him to adhere to prescribed diet and fluid requirements.

Lab Tests

Check full hemogram and glucose levels to rule out other causes of similar symptoms such as anemia and hypoglycemia.

Worsening renal function

Nursing actions

Establish initial urine output and monitor frequently.

Monitor edema resolution by measuring limb size frequently.

Alert was attending physician/GP and nurse in charge.

Patient education

Educate on signs and symptoms such as reduced urine output, worsening edema, and mental status changes

Lab tests

Check the creatinine and BUN levels.

Hypokalemic, hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis

Hypoglycemia.

Nursing actions

Examine the hydration status of the patient regularly.

Evaluate electrolyte imbalance symptoms and signs such as tremors, vomiting, muscle weakness, and mental changes.

Patient education

Educate the patient on some of the presenting symptoms and signs, and advise him to alert medical personnel immediately.

Stick to the prescribed diet to keep electrolyte levels within normal range

Lab tests

Check the electrolyte panel and renal function tests.

Check arterial blood gases for alkalosis.

Check the ECG for hypokalemic cardiac changes.

Check blood sugars.

Adverse Effect: Identify one potential adverse effect of the drug. What is the nursing implication for you?

Potential Adverse Effect

Corresponding Nursing Implications

Allergic reaction

Nursing Actions

Enquire about any previous reaction to Demadex or similar drugs.

Stop the drug administration and inform the attending physician.

Patient education

Educate the patient on possible adverse reactions and immediately advise the attending nurse or doctor.

Lab Tests

Serum and urine torsemide levels.

Drug #2

Generic name: Insulin Lispro

Trade name: Humalog

Use: The drug is used in managing type 1 diabetes in children. In some cases, it is used in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient has type 2 diabetes.

Mechanism of Action: A fast-acting insulin analog replaces or augments the insulin blood levels in Type 1 and type 2 DM, respectively. It acts like normal insulin by increasing tissue sensitivity to glucose uptake and reducing glucogenesis by the liver (IBM Corporation,2021). The drug is expected to lower and maintain the patient’s blood sugar levels within the normal range.

Side Effects and Nursing Implications

Side Effect	Corresponding Nursing Implications
Hypoglycemia	Nursing Actions Confirm patient’s blood sugar levels and that patient has food before administration. Confirm the insulin is not expired and the correct dosage is administered. Monitor patient status and glucose levels after administration. Patient education Avoid overexertion. Ensure he takes meals with the insulin. Educate on symptoms of hypoglycemia and advise to alert attending physician or nurse. Lab Tests Check the blood sugar and glycated Hb levels.
Hypokalemia	Nursing actions Check potassium levels before drug administration and monitor levels afterward. Check ECG for rhythm changes. Patient education Educate patient on symptoms which include constipation, leg cramps, weakness, dizziness, and irregular heartbeats. Lab tests Check potassium levels from the electrolyte panel.
Weight gain	Nursing actions Weigh the patient to establish baseline weight, then monitor and record weight frequently during diabetic visits. Patient education Educate on lifestyle modification and the importance of exercising. Educate on weight measurement regularly. Lab tests Check lipid levels

Adverse Effect: Identify one potential adverse effect of the drug. What is the nursing implication for you?

Potential Adverse Effect

Corresponding Nursing Implications

Itching, swelling, or redness at the injection site.

Nursing Actions

Inquire about previous reactions before drug administration.

Examine the patient regularly for any signs of an adverse reaction such as redness.

In case of any reactions, inform the attending physician or change the injections site.

Patient education

Educate the patient on signs of the adverse reaction.

Lab Tests

No relevant tests

Nursing Actions

Confirm patient’s blood sugar levels and that patient has food before administration. Confirm the insulin is not expired and the correct dosage is administered. Monitor patient status and glucose levels after administration.

Patient education

Avoid overexertion.

Ensure he takes meals with the insulin.

Educate on symptoms of hypoglycemia and advise to alert attending physician or nurse.

Lab Tests

Check the random blood sugar.

Drug #3

Generic name: Captopril

Trade name: Capoten and Aceten

Use: Captopril is primarily used to treat high blood pressure, diabetic nephropathy, and congestive heart failure (IBM Corporation, 2020).

Mechanism of Action: It inhibits the formation of angiotensin two from angiotensin one by inhibiting the converting enzyme. This leads to systemic vasodilation and reduction of blood pressure. It also improves heart and renal function by vasodilating their respective vessels. The patient is on captopril because of his hypertension and heart failure. Also, being diabetic, he is at risk of diabetic nephropathy.

Side Effects and Nursing Implications

Side Effect	Corresponding Nursing Implications
Hyperkalemia	Nursing Actions Check potassium levels before administration. Enquire about symptoms of hyperkalemia, e.g., sweating, weakness, diarrhea, etc. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia such as ECG changes and tremors. Patient education Follow the prescribed diet. Avoid potassium reach foods. Educate on signs and symptoms and alert physician or nurse immediately. Lab Tests Potassium levels from electrolyte panel.
Postural Hypotension	Nursing actions Ensure the patient is relaxed and seated during and for a while after drug administration. Ensure correct dosage and drug is administered. Monitor blood pressure regularly. Patient education Educate patient on symptoms of cause postural hypotension such as vision blurriness and dizziness. Ensure adequate fluid intake in line with prescribed amounts. Avoid strenuous activity. Lab tests Can check full hemogram and sugar levels to rule hypoglycemia and anemia as causes of symptoms.
Agranulocytosis. and neutropenia and	Nursing actions Monitor for any signs of infections, e.g., fever. Confirm white blood cell levels before drug administration. Patient education Educate on the cause and presenting symptoms. Lab tests Check full hemogram.

Adverse Effect: Identify one potential adverse effect of the drug. What is the nursing implication for you?

Adverse Effect

Corresponding Nursing Implications

Dry cough

Nursing Actions

Inform the attending physician. And stop drug administration and

Examine chest to rule out other possible causes, e.g., infection.

Patient education

Educate on the cause of cough

Lab Tests

Perform a complete blood count and a chest x-ray to preclude any infection.

References

IBM Corporation. (2021). Micromedex. IBM Watson Health Products. Retrieved February 25, 2022, from https://www.micromedexsolutions.com/micromedex2/librarian/deeplinkaccess?source=deepLink&institution=SZMC%5ESZMC%5ET43537