Restraints, Annotated Bibliography Example

Boekhorst, S., Depla, M. A., Francke, A. L., Twisk, J. R., Zwijsen, S. A., & Hertogh, C. M. (2013). Quality of life of nursing-home residents with dementia subject to surveillance technology versus physical restraints: an explorative study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(4), 356-363.

Physical restraints should be used only when alternative methods are not possible for patients with dementia. The researchers oppose the belief that the Swedish belt or chair belt prevents falls. However, they believe that the use of surveillance technology increases the quality of life of the patients.

Cassie, K.M. & Cassie, W. (2013). Racial disparities in the use of physical restraints in u.s. nursing homes. Health & Social Work, 38(4), 207-213

This article examines the racial disparities in the use of restraints on patients in nursing homes around the United States. The study was conducted in 2004 and the findings suggest that black patients’ were more likely to be placed in restraints. The information was collected using the National Nursing Home Survey.

Demir A. (2007) The use of physical restraints on children: practices and attitudes of pediatric nurses in Turkey. International Nursing Review 54(4), 367-374.

This article investigates PR practices in a children’s nursing facility in Turkey. One-hundred and twenty-one nurses were interviewed regarding what factors affect their use of PR. The nurses cited unmanageable workloads and staffing shortages as the main reasons for not using alternative methods of PR.

Feng, Z., Hirdes, J.P., Smith, T. F., Finne-Soveri, H., Chi, I., Pasquier, J.D., & Mor, V.(2009) Use of physical restraints and antipsychotic medication in nursing homes: a cross-national study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(10), 1110-1118.

This article discussed the prevalence of physical restraints of patients on antipsychotic medications while in nursing homes. The study was conducted using more than 14, 000 patients in China, Switzerland, and the United States. The findings suggest that there is a large gap in the prevalence of physical restraints and antipsychotic medication use in nursing home facilities.

Haur, A., Kolbe, N., Strupeit, S., Mayer, H., & Meyer, G. (2010). Attitudes of relatives of nursing home residents toward physical restraints. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(4), 448-456.

This article examines the attitudes of nursing home staff, residents, and relatives of the residence about the use of physical restraints. The staff was reluctant to express their attitudes about the use of restraints. Each group seems to prefer sensor mats or infrared systems as opposed to wrist and ankle belts.

Huang, H.C., Huang, Y. T., Lin, K.C., &Kuo, Y.F. (2014). Risk factors associated with physical restrains in residential aged care facilities: a community-based epidemiological survey in Taiwan. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(1), 130-143.

This article discusses some of the risk factors present when using restraints on elderly patients. This study was conducted in 2007 in Taiwan. The study concluded that more than half the patients who were restrained were done so to prevent injuries. The findings suggest that the caregivers were more likely to suffer from injury than the patient.

Lane, C., & Harrington, A. (2011). The factors that influence nurses’ use of physical restraint: A thematic literature review. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 17(2), 195-204.

This article examines how nurses determine if restraints will be used on patients aged 60 years and older. The two factors that seem to influence the choice to use restraints the most were: patient safety and the nurses’ workload. Patients who were prone to remove medical devices or more likely to be injured due to a fall were likely to be physically restrained.

Phillips, C.D., Hawes, C., & Fries, B. E. (1993). Reducing the use of physical restraints in nursing homes: Will it increase costs? American Journal of Public Health, 83(3), 342-348.

The researchers wanted to determine what is the best way to reduce the use of physical restraints without increasing the cost of care of the patients. The use of restraints has been known to cause many negative effects on the residents’ physical and mental health. The findings suggest that patients who are restrained cost more to take care of than those who are not physically restrained.

Selekman J. & Snyder B. (1995) Nursing perceptions of using physical restraints on hospitalized children. Pediatric Nursing 21(5), 460-464.

This article discusses research conducted on which type of physical restraints are best used when caring for children.  A questionnaire was given to 60 nurses who work primarily with children.  The questionnaire required nurses to reflect upon how and when restraints were used in certain situations. The conclusion of the study determined that the age of the child determines the suitability of the PR method used. The children who were cared for by the nurses in the study ranged in ages from 12 months to 12 years.

Snyder B. (2004) Preventing treatment interface: Nurses’ and parents’ intervention strategies. Pediatric Nursing 30(1), 31-40.

The article discussed the strategies used by parents and nurses to prevent treatment interface by a child.  The researcher wanted to see human behavior within a hospital setting.  When referring to interface the researcher means if the child is conscious or unconscious.  The study was conducted over a four month period to determine what alternative methods of PR can be used on children between the ages of 3 and 6 years old. It was concluded that when parents apply moral and psychosocial support, there is a reduced need for PR.