Robotic Surgery, Annotated Bibliography Example

Ahmed, K., Khan, M.S., Vats, A., Nagpal, K., Priest, O., Patel, V., Vecht, J.A., & Ashrafian, H. (2009). Current status of robotic assisted pelvic surgery and future developments. International Journal of Surgery, (7)5: 431-440.

In this journal article, the authors provide an assessment on the role of robotics in pelvic surgery as it relates to surgical outcomes and explores issues regarding training and the future development and utilization of robotic systems. The authors conclude that more studies are needed to determine the proper application of robotic technology within the realms of surgery.

Kwoh, Y.S., Hou, J., Jonckheere, E.A., & Hall, S.A. (2002). Robot with improved absolute positioning accuracy for CT guided stereotactic brain surgery. Biomedical Engineering, (35)2: 153-160.

In this journal article, the authors discuss the application of the Unimation Puma 200 robot via its use in stereotactic brain surgery and how when properly utilized reduces time in relation to the surgical procedure. The authors also point out that the most important advantage is improved accuracy via proper calibration.

Lee, D.I. (2009). Robotic prostatectomy: What we have learned and where we are going. Yonsei Medical Journal, (50)2: 177-181.

As one of the most common types of treatment for prostate cancer, robotic prostatectomy has proven to be minimally invasive, especially through the use of the da Vinci Surgical System. Thus, D.I. Lee addresses the origins of robotic prostatectomy and much of the current data regarding this type of robotic application and potential future uses.

McConnell, P.I., Schneeberger, E.W., & Michler, R.E. (2003). History and development of robotic cardiac surgery. Problems in General Surgery,(20)2: 20-30.

This journal article provides an in-depth exploration on the history and development of robots for use in cardiac surgical procedures. As described by the authors, the first use of a robot in surgery dates back to 1997 when one was used to reconnect fallopian tubes which then led to further studies on the potential of robots in the surgical theater.

Robotic Surgery. (2012). Retrieved from http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/ BI108/BI108_2005_Groups/04

This website for Brown University describes how technology has revolutionized the field of surgical medicine via the application of robotic devices and complex imaging. Overall, these developments have decreased invasiveness but continue to have disadvantages; however, the future of robotic surgery is indeed very promising as technology continues to make advances.