Total Quality Management (TQM), Annotated Bibliography Example

Darwish, A. Y. (2013). Predicting the performance of undergraduate business students in Introductory quantitative methods courses. Quality Assurance in Education, 21(4), 359-371. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/QAE-11-2012-0043

The author’s literature does an excellent job of explaining how the businesses can utilize quantitative methods without sacrificing solid decision making. The comprehensive studies found that each business manager must adapts its research methods based on the complexity of each business problem. The use of quantitative and qualitative data must be used in conjunction with the manager’s decision making process. The qualitative data is designed to help business managers understand the relationship between the product and the target audience. The qualitative research will help reveal the human choices or reasons including the consumers buying habits. The author suggested that the best results can be found by using the descriptive qualitative methods rather than predictive.

Kessler, E. H. (2013). Encyclopedia of Management Theory. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, Inc.

The literature pointed out that not all quantitative data will provide a conclusion answer, therefore a mix-methods must be utilized to make an accurate generalizations that may impact the businesses financial health. The literature shared that the business unit can use the opportunity to observe and record the communication between the employee and customer to make valuable business decisions.

McLeod, S. (2008). Qualitative Quantitative: Research methods. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quantitative.html

The author pointed out the advantages of the qualitative methods such as businesses can use a small number of cases to make significant business decisions. The group that is being interview can be a small group however, the information obtain can be critical to making the right decision. The small group might represent thousands of consumer’s opinions which can account for the human factors along with the quantitative data results. The business usually based on quantitative results on the number of sales or number of consumers the product impacts. However, the author points out the important of using unstructured group interviews or discussions to explore or investigate complex problems.

Warnier, V., & Runfola, A. (2014). Guest Editors’ Introduction. International Studies of Management & Organization, 44(4), 3-8. doi: 10.2753/IMO0020-8825440400

The author explained how the business model for any business must use diverse methods that may include the human factors as well as the quantifiable numerical results. The author made a point concerning how organizations rely on quantitative results because they can make the numbers meet their needs. The upper management decision makers can make analysis and decisions concerning the numerical data results that meet their financial perceptions. The customer’s feedback does not always match the numerical decisions therefore, management may not use phenomenological or qualitative data. The management cannot change or alter the meaning of human results and buying behaviors.