Biodiversity in Safari, Article Critique Example

This article examines the morality and the justification for shoot-on-sight protocols to protect Africa’s biodiversity community. The question synthesizes the concern on how an approach can be accomplished for the African poachers to rationalize the defense of “biodiversity” environmental ethics. To address the behind reasoning of humanity that has not supported the lineage of contemporary environmental security was indeed durable to one-dimensional ethical thought as anticipated in the African political- societal literature. Including, the scrutiny of the political socio-ecologies and violence ramifications in which extends the morality aspects of nonhuman species that was not considered as a vital ecological resource. The notion, however, is explicated that the political socio-ecologies is rooted in the Neo-Malthusian ideas of environmental relations: the scarcity of population growth, resources scarcity, and violence. As Garrett Hardin’s (1974) articulation of a neo-Malthusian ethics in which acts in violence-reinforced movement and to let some people die in situations of scarcity rather than risk the destruction of relative abundance of a particular resource base that supports all of humanity. Whereas, Roderick Neumann (2004) expected to employ the assemblage of things, collectivities, and microhabitats that can encompass the rights for non-human creatures to be part of ethical (moral) community as being justified by the modernized evolutionary context, rather than being a dichotomous that splits the views of ecological degradation and taken-for-granted intimation. Furthermore, an effort to change the ethical dimensions of the rise of shoot-on-sight protocols and their effects on the levels of violence in African protected areas is desired.

In addition, an article of interest, Cumming and associates (et al., 1997) examined the implications on the biodiversity conservation and its impact on the taxonomy of Basidiomycota, Carnivora and onto vertebrates. Because the woody plants and the species of tree canopy (containing African gametophyes) are the essentials for these species. Though, the article has indicated that elephants had reduced the forestation densities. Thus, the subsistence agriculture has expanded into a productive wildland. Researchers argued about the elephant-mediated habitats that had initially displaced exotic animals, such as woodland birds, bats, mantises, and ants from African game reserve as the research has shown that the elephants was to be blamed for the changes in biodiversity in African game reserves. Therefore, it became problemic for the habitat-sensitive species consuming refugia but not a problem for the elephant-mediated habitats. In despite of, the implications that evolved the biodiversity conservation— the international public— pressured for a policy to establish a restriction on the population growth of elephants to the medium in the game reserve in order for the species to conserve the strength of the ecological environment.

In conclusion, both articles aimed on one goal, which are the conservation and protection for African game reserves. However, the forestation containing the mammilla and species has controversy remained on the integration of exotic species and domestic species in the designated location as once presumed that this ecological pattern would resolve the in forestation issues and animal poachers issues. Thus, how a policy can be implemented? To what degree of the species are allow to exist themselves from the African game reserves? The concept of Neo-Malthusian may help elaborate the idea of changing the perception of how biodiversity in the African safari was preserved first place. However, it was found merely irrelevant to the current climate of environmental change. Especially, on the synapomorphies that set animals apart from all other living organisms derived from other taxa characters in the research studies, which the findings has been counter-argued for unsought appropriate research on the advancement of biodiversity. In oppose to the argument on the policy implications that practice the scientific aspects of biodiversity preservation. For example, the woodland trees were markedly lower in affected sites while the woody plant species have higher densities in the overall tree density sites. As result, the woodland species was not compensated for lost non-woodland species in the affected area.

References

Cumming,D.,Fenton, M., Rautenbach, I., Taylor,R., Cumming, S.,Cumming, M., Dunlop, J., Ford,G., Hovorka,M., Johnston, D., Kalcounis, M., Mahlanga, Z. & Portfors,C. (1997). Elephants, woodlands and biodiversity in miombo woodland in southern Africa. South African Journal of Science, 93: 231-236

Neumann, R. (2004) Moral and discursive geographies in the war for biodiversity in African. Political Geography. 23: 813-837