Erikson’s Theory, Annotated Bibliography Example

Horst, E. A. (1995). Reexamining gender issues in Erikson’s stages of identity and intimacy. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 73(3), 271-278.

Early adulthood (18 yrs. – 35 yrs.) is predicated upon conflicts of interest as oppose to isolation.  During this stage, individuals advance gradually in intimate relationships while retaining a precise, strong sense of self.  When it is not accomplished whether by promiscuity or self exclusion, the individual becomes isolated and lonely.

The study weaken Erikson’s theory on the subject of women’s development and experiences of relatedness than it was best described on men’s relatedness to intimacy. The article argued that women’s development are not equalized to men’s development of intimacy. As Erikson’s emphasis of separateness impediments which could not identify the reflections of experiences. I could not agreed more on the degree of Erikson’s stages that does not demonstrate the implications of women’s development of one-self with attached someone.

Franz, C E., & White, K. M. (1985). Individuation and attachment in personality development: Extending Erikson’s theory. Journal Of Personality, 53(2), 224-256. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1985.tb00365.x

Stage five (5) is considered the adolescence (12 yrs. – 18 yrs.).  During this stage, adolescence will acquire ego identity if they have adequate role models and peer relationships within a society with an established functional culture.  Adolescents who experience role confusion often align themselves with groups that can provide the traits and values they cannot not find in the proper venue, such as gangs.          The article supports the flaws of Erikson’s notion of interpersonal connectedness that characterizes male’s counterparts accounted for the fundamentality of male orientation.  A lack of humanistic development of attachment for women is included in the Erikson’s psychosocial stages theory. The well-being of women in these psychosocial stages are neglected and not understood the unbiased life span development that precedes the processes of ego’s stage development. In fact, I could not disagree with the flaws that are missing from understanding the laws of biological personality development of two modalities (men and women’s development). Thus, the study of the article suggested an amendment to the theory of objectifation and attachments to diverge the dispositions of related co-occurrence events. I supported the idea of Erikson’s view on women’s inner space characterizing the present of sharing—in the sense of being sexually different but equal;  positive attachment with an attached individual, (i.e. mother, father, sibiling); and, a sense of purpose of gender-related identifications and activities which hinders the psychic wholeness in neither males or females.

McDonald, L., & Stuart-Hamilton, I. (2003). Egocentrism in older adults: Piaget’s three mountains task revisited. Educational Gerontology, 29(5), 417-425. doi:10.1080/713844355

This article discusses different evaluation methods that are used to assess the logical skills and spatial skills on all ages from a child to late adults to refine the egocentrism personality identified in Piaget’s preoperational stages. The comparation between children and adults have significant showed that children are capable to express the behind logical reasoning better than the adults, however, adults performed better than the children on some spatial skills tests. In oppose to Erikson’s psychosocial stages, which focus on the characters of human development whereas Piaget’s preoperational stages focuses on the competence of humanistic life development. The article does not only strengthen the conceptual of humanistic development, but these theories interrelated to one another for the purpose of understanding the cognitivity and behaviors factors in an interaction environment. In addition, I have to agree with the idea of how both theories can work together on many situations that faced in the business world. I also think that it is useful to apply the unlearned theorized characters put into use for all purpose of interaction for the benefit of the party involved in the transaction.